本帖最后由 中华之本体 于 2012-3-19 06:59 编辑
西哲詞彙只有先驗與經驗並無所謂後驗。先驗就是先於經驗而有,不從經驗而來,故謂先驗。這是從經驗層面即感觸官能所能及之範圍退一步而說,不是以邏輯上所謂之先與後相對而言。
一切底經驗層面總起來講就是經驗雜 ...
鶴鳴在蔭 发表于 2012-3-18 10:30
多谢鹤鸣兄指教。在下的“后验”只是对a posteriori ("from the later")的直译,未加细究(中文的确没有“后验”一词)。为歉。
The terms a priori ("from the earlier") and a posteriori ("from the later") are used in philosophy (epistemology) to distinguish two types of knowledge, justifications or arguments. A priori knowledge or justification is independent of experience (for example "All bachelors are unmarried"); a posteriori knowledge or justification is dependent on experience or empirical evidence (for example "Some bachelors are very happy"). A posteriori justification makes reference to experience; but the issue concerns how one knows the proposition or claim in question—what justifies or grounds one's belief in it. Galen Strawson wrote that an a priori argument is one in which "you can see that it is true just lying on your couch. You don't have to get up off your couch and go outside and examine the way things are in the physical world. You don't have to do any science."There are many points of view on these two types of assertions, and their relationship is one of the oldest problems in modern philosophy. |